Unit 2 · Hackers and Cyber Crimes

# Syllabus

• Hackers and Cyber Crimes: Types of Hackers, Hackers and Crackers, Cyber-Attacks and Vulnerabilities, Malware threats, Sniffing, Gaining Access, Escalating Privileges, Executing Applications, Hiding Files, Covering Tracks, Worms, Trojans, Viruses, Backdoors.

14 syllabus items → 17 topics: small items are merged (the five hacking steps → 2.7), broad ones ("cyber-attacks", "cyber crimes") are split into exam-sized topics, and 2 PYQ topics come from past papers.

# Topics

• 2.1Hackers: Types, Hackers vs Crackers vs Phreakers★★★
• 2.2Cyber Crime & Its Classification★★★
• 2.3Vulnerabilities & Types of Cyber-Attacks★★★
• 2.4Malware: Viruses, Worms, Trojans★★★
• 2.5Backdoors & Trapdoors★★★
• 2.6Reconnaissance, Scanning & Sniffing★
• 2.7System Hacking Stages★
• 2.8Password Attacks★
• 2.9SQL Injection★★
• 2.10Buffer Overflow★
• 2.11Wireless & VoIP Attacks★★
• 2.12Application Security★ PYQ
• 2.13Cyberstalking, Cyberbullying & Cyber Defamation★
• 2.14Identity Theft★
• 2.15Financial Frauds: Credit-Card Fraud, Salami Attack, Data Diddling & Forgery★
• 2.16Mobile & Bluetooth Attacks★ PYQ
• 2.17DoS, DDoS & Botnets★